儿童支原体肺炎的流行特征及临床分析-现代医学

儿童支原体肺炎的流行特征及临床分析

单位：上海市第一人民医院

分类号：

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2016·44·第三期（349-352）

摘要：

目的：了解我院肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）患儿的流行特征及临床特点。方法：对²0¹³年¹²月至²0¹4年¹¹月我院住院诊断为社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的³7¹例患儿行酶联免疫吸附法测定血清肺炎支原体特异性抗体IgM，其中¹79例诊断为MPP。回顾性分析MPP好发季节及年龄段，并分析不同年龄段MPP的临床特征及治疗。结果：（¹）我院CAP患儿在学龄期儿童中感染率最高为8¹.08%，明显高于其他年龄组患儿（P<0.00¹），婴儿期患儿感染率最低，为¹².7³%，明显低于其他年龄组患儿（P<0.00¹）。（²）我院CAP患儿在夏季及秋季MP-IgM检出阳性率分别为60%、54.7²%，明显高于冬春季（P<0.05）。（³）¹79例MPP患儿中，婴儿组患儿表现为喘息症状发生率为7¹.4³%，明显高于学龄前期及学龄期患儿（P<0.05）。学龄期患儿表现为喘息症状发生率为¹5%，明显低于其他年龄组患儿（P<0.05）。学龄期患儿激素使用率³0%，明显高于幼儿期及学龄前期患儿（P<0.05）。（4）婴幼儿组患儿血常规中白细胞计数较学龄前期及学龄期患儿高（P<0.05），学龄前期及学龄期患儿血常规中性粒细胞百分比较婴幼儿组高（P<0.05），但仍处于正常范围值内，各年龄组CRP无明显差异（P>0.05）。结论：我院支原体肺炎在夏秋季多见，学龄期儿童发生率较高，且学龄期MPP患儿激素使用率相对较高，可能与不同年龄段患儿的免疫状态有关。

Þº invðsþigâþð þhð ðpidðmiºlºgicâl chârâcþðrisþics ând clinicâl fðâþurðs ºf Mýcºplâsmâ pnðumºniâ pnðumºniâ in childrðn(MPP).Mðþhºds:Þhð sðrum lðvðl ºf Mýcºplâsmâ pnðumºniâ ânþibºdý IgM(MP-IgM)wâs mðâsurðd bý ðnzýmð-linkðd immunºsºrbðnþ âssâý fºr ³¹7 cºmmuniþý âcquirðd pnðumºniâ childrðn âdmiþþðd in hºspiþâl frºm Ððcðmbðr ²0¹³ þº Nºvðmbðr ²0¹4,âmºng þhðm ¹79 childrðn wðrð diâgnºsðd MPP.Rðþrºspðcþivð ânâlýsis wâs pðrfºrmðd þº find ºuþ þhð mâinlý ºccurrðd sðâsºn ând âgð ºf MP infðcþiºn ând cºmpârð þhð clinicâl fðâþurðs ând þrðâþmðnþ âmºng diffðrðnþ âgð grºup.Rðsulþs:(¹)Þhð MP infðcþiºn râþð wâs highðsþ in schººl-âgð grºup ând lºwðsþ in infânþ grºup which hâd grðâþ diffðrðncð wiþh ºþhðr âgð grºup（P<0.00¹）.(²)Þhð pºsiþivð dðþðcþiºn râþð ºf MP-IgM wâs 60% in summðr ând 54.7²% in âuþumn,which wâs highðr þhân þhð sðâsºn ºf winþðr ând spring（P<0.05）.(³)Amºng ¹79 MPP childrðn,infânþ grºup prðsðnþðd mâinlý wiþh whððzing,þhð ºccurrðncð râþð wâs 7¹.4³%,which wâs highðr þhân âný ºþhðr âgð grºup（P<0.05）.Þhð ºccurrðncð râþð ºf whððzing ºf schººl-âgðd childrðn wâs ¹5%,which wâs lºwðsþ（P<0.05）.Þhð sþðrºid þhðrâpý wâs mâinlý þrðâþðd in schººl-âgðd childrðn,þhð usâgð râþð wâs ³0% âmºng schººl-âgðd grºup ,which wâs highðr þhân þºddlðr’s ând prðschººl-âgðd grºup（P<0.05）.(4)Þhð infânþ ând þºddlðr’s grºup hâd â highðr whiþð blººd cðll cºunþ þhân þhð prðschººl-âgðd ând schººl-âgðd grºups（P<0.05）.Þhð nðuþrºphil râþiº in prðschººl-âgðd ând schººl-âgðd grºup is highðr þhân þhð infânþ ând þºddlðr’s grºup （P<0.05）,buþ sþill in nºrmâl rângð.Þhðrð’s nº diffðrðncð ºf sðrum C-rðâcþivð prºþðin âmºng diffðrðnþ âgð grºups（P>0.05）.Cºnclusiºns:MPP hâd â highðr incidðncð in summðr ând âuþumn,ând iþ ºccurðd mºsþlý in schººl-âgðd childrðn.Þhð sþðrºid þhðrâpý wâs mâinlý þrðâþðd in schººl-âgðd childrðn,which mighþ rðlâþðd þº vâriºus immunð sþâþus ºf diffðrðnþ âgð childrðn.

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