Abstract Objective:To explore the association of connective tissue growth factor and 25- hydroxy vitamin D levels with retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods:420 patients with Type 2 diabetic retinopathycoming to our hospital from February 2009 to February 2014 wereselected. According to the results of fundus examination, it was divided into NDR group and DRgroup. Among them, the DR group was divided into DR1 group and DR2 group according to the degree of pathological changes.The correlation between the physiological indexes, CTGF and 25-OH-VitD levels of the three groups of patients with retinopathy was analyzed and compared. Results:The duration in group DR were significantly longer than those in group NDR (P<0.05), the levels of CTGF, GA and HbA1c were significantly higher than those in group NDR (P<0.05), but the level of 25-OH-VitD was significantly lower than that in group NDR (P<0.05); the duration inDR1 group was significantly shorter than that of group DR2 (P<0.05), HbA1c, GA, CTGF and TC level was significantly lower than group DR2 (P<0.05), but the level of serum 25-OH-VitD was significantly higher than that of DR2 group (P<0.05).Spearman correlation coefficient analysis showed that the course of disease, HbA1c, GA, CTGF and LDL-C levels were positively correlated with DR (P<0.05), while 25-OH-VitD and DR were negatively correlated (P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors influencing the occurrence and pathological degree of DR were course of disease, HbA1c, 25-OH-Vit and CTGF (P<0.05).Conclusion:The decrease of 25-OH-VitD level and the rise of CTGF level in the patients with diabetes affect the appearance and pathological process of DR.Detection of these two kinds of biochemical indicators can help to predict the course of DR.