老年高血压患者OH与OHT的临床特征及护理风险分析-现代医学

老年高血压患者OH与OHT的临床特征及护理风险分析

单位：东南大学医学院附属盐城市第三人民医院心内科, 江苏盐城 224001

分类号：R544.1;R592

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2017·36·第四期（529-532）

摘要：

目的：探讨老年高血压患者体位性低血压（OH）与体位性高血压（OHT）的临床特征及护理风险防范。方法：选取2014年1月至2016年4月在我院治疗的老年高血压患者187例，测量各患者立位以及卧位血压，分析OH及OHT发生情况。结果：187例患者中发生OH 48例，OHT 24例，非OH和OHT 115例；OH和OHT患者年龄分别为（81.56±7.22）岁和（80.70±9.42）岁，明显高于非OH和OHT患者，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；≥80岁高血压患者OH和OHT发生率为40.91%和21.21%，明显高于65～79岁患者，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；OH和OHT患者合并冠心病、高脂血症、脑卒中的情况明显高于非OH和OHT患者（P < 0.05）；OH与OHT患者合并心血管疾病的比例差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论：老年高血压患者易发生OH和OHT，且合并心血管疾病的比例高，需加强护理风险防范。

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and nursing risk prevention of orthostatic hypotension(OH) and orthostatic hypertension (OHT) in elderly patients with hypertension. Methods: From January 2014 to April 2016,187 cases of elderly patients with hypertension were selected in our hospital, they were measured by standing and supine blood pressure,the occurrence of OH and OHT was analyzed.Results: 48 patients were with OH, 24 with OHT, 115 with non OH and OHT. The age ofOH and OHT patientswere (81.56±7.22) and (80.70±9.42) years old, they weresignificantly higher than the age of non OH and OHT patients(P<0.05). The incidence of OH and OHT in ≥ 80 years age patients with hypertension was 40.91% and 21.21%, they were significantly higher than that of the 65-79 year-old patients (P<0.05). The rate of OH and OHT patients with coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and stroke ratio were higher than those of non OH and OHT patients (P<0.05); the rate of OH and OHT patients with cardiovascular diseasewas notsignificantly different with non OH and OHT patients (P>0.05).Conclusion: OH and OHT are easy to occur in elderly patients with hypertension, elderly patients has a high proportion of cardiovascular diseases, need to strengthen the prevention of nursing risk.

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