2013-2015年成都主城区呼吸道感染住院儿童肺炎支原体感染分析-现代医学

2013-2015年成都主城区呼吸道感染住院儿童肺炎支原体感染分析

单位：成都市妇女儿童中心医院呼吸科, 四川城都 610000

分类号：R725.6

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2017·36·第八期（1154-1157）

摘要：

目的：了解成都主城区区呼吸道感染住院患儿肺炎支原体（MP）感染情况，分析其流行特点，为临床的诊断治疗提供理论依据。方法：收集2013年1月至2015年12月儿科呼吸道感染住院患儿22 565例，采用间接免疫荧光法检测肺炎支原体（MP） IgM抗体。结果：受检患儿MP呈阳性的2 852例，总阳性率12.64%，其中男性阳性率9.59%.女性阳性率17.15%，女性患儿阳性率高于男性，差异有统计学意义（χ²=281.341、P<0.05）。不同年龄组间MP检测阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=1 395.788、P<0.05），学龄前儿童组、学龄期儿童组检测阳性率较高，分别为22.91%和23.08%。2013年MP检测阳性率14.66%，2014年MP检测阳性率13.18%，2015年MP检测阳性率10.47%，三年MP检测结果差异有统计学意义（χ²=61.915、P<0.05）。而每年的1-3月、9-12月MP的检测阳性率较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。MP感染与每月PM_2.5的变化无相关性（R=0.336、P>0.05）。MP感染最常见的疾病是支气管肺炎其次是急性支气管炎。结论：成都市主城区呼吸道感染患儿的肺炎支原体流行分布与性别、年龄、年份、月份均有关，与空气质量PM_2.5无相关性；MP感染较高的疾病是支气管肺炎和急性支气管炎。

Objective: To investigate mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection status among children with espiratory tract infection in hospital in Chengdu and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis andtreatment.Methods: 22565 cases of children with pediatric respiratory tract infection between January 2013 and December 2015 were collected to detect mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)IgM antibody using indirect immunofluorescence method. Results: 2852 cases of children with MP were tested positive, total positive rate was 12.64%,9.59% in male and 17.15%in female. Female children had a higher positive rates. The difference was statistically significant(χ²=281.341, P<0.05). The difference of MP positive rate was statistically significant in different ages(χ²=1395.788, P<0.05), there was a higher MP positive rate in preschool children and school children, being 22.91% and 23.08%, respectively.MP positive rate was 14.66% in 2013,13.18% in 2014 and 10.47% in 2015,the difference was statistically significant(χ²=61.915, P<0.05).There was a higher MP positive rate from January to March and from September to December(P<0.05)every year. There was no correlation between MP infection and PM_2.5(R=0.336, P>0.05).There was a higher MP positive rate in children with bronchial pneumonia and acute bronchitis. Conclusion: The epidemiological distribution of MP in children with respiratory tract infection in Chengdu was relevant with the gender, age, year and month, unrelevant with PM_2.5; There was a higher MP positive rate in children with bronchial pneumonia and acute bronchitis.

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