膝关节置换患者对深静脉血栓机械预防依从性的研究-现代医学

膝关节置换患者对深静脉血栓机械预防依从性的研究

单位：广西玉林市中西医结合骨科医院护理部, 广西玉林 537000

分类号：R473.6

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2019·47·第二期（228-232）

摘要：

目的：探讨护理干预改善膝关节置换（TKA）术后患者机械性预防措施依从性的效果。方法：将128例纳入研究的患者随机分为对照组和干预组各64例。采用深静脉血栓危险因素评估量表（Autar）对患者进行评分，根据评分予以机械性预防措施，对照组患者采用常规护理模式，干预组在对照组基础上采用护理干预措施。干预期间观察两组患者依从性、下肢深静脉栓塞（DVT）发病率，美国膝关节协会评分（KSS评分）。结果：干预组患者依从性较对照组患者依从性高，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预第7天比较两组患者DVT发病率，干预组患者DVT发病率较对照组患者低，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预结束后，对照组、干预组KSS评分均较干预第1天增高，其干预后干预组KSS评分较对照组增高，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），在干预组中，患者的依从性、患者住院天数是影响患者KSS评分的主要因素（P<0.01）。结论：护理干预措施可改善TKA术后患者对机械性预防措施的依从性，降低DVT的发病率。

Objective:To investigate the effects of nursing interventions to improve the compliance of mechanicalprophylaxis in total knee arthroplasty patients(TKA).Methods:A total of 128 patients with TKA were randomly divided into control group and intervention group with 64 cases in each group. Autar assessment scale were used evaluate DVT risk factor and mechanicalprophylaxis were used according to the scores. Patients in the control group were treated with routine nursing care and intervention with both routine nursing care and nursing intervention. During the intervention period, the compliance of the two groups, the incidence of DVT, and the KSS score were observed. The Braden score was assessed.Results:The compliance of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After 7 days of intervention,the incidence of DVT in the intervention group was lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After the intervention, the KSS scores of the control group and the intervention group were higher than the first day after the intervention. After the intervention, the KSS score of the intervention group was higher than control group(P<0.05). In the intervention group, the patient's compliance andhospitalization days were the main factors affecting the KSS score(P<0.01). Conclusion:Nursing interventions can improve compliance of mechanical prophylaxis and reduce the incidence of DVT in TKA patients.

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