目的:调查ICU患者肌肉衰减现况，并探讨其影响因素。方法:方便抽样法选取2022年7月至12月南京鼓楼医院集团宿迁医院ICU收治的94例患者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、急性生理与慢性健康评分(APECHE Ⅱ)表进行横断面调查，应用床边超声测量患者股四头肌厚度。采用多元线性回归分析ICU患者肌肉衰减的影响因素。结果:ICU患者的平均股四头肌厚度为(22.78±6.33)mm。多元线性回归分析显示，女性、年龄≥60岁、被动运动、入住ICU时长、疾病诊断是患者股四头肌厚度的影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论:基于床边超声测量的ICU患者股四头肌厚度较薄，女性、年龄≥60岁、被动运动、入住ICU＞7 d、疾病诊断为内科慢性病的ICU患者股四头肌厚度较薄。ICU医护人员应加强对患者骨骼肌的动态评估，早期发现肌肉衰减，控制相关影响因素，采取相关措施。

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