目的：系统评价血流限制训练对膝关节疼痛患者膝关节功能和疼痛的影响，为开展此类人群的功能康复提供参考依据。方法：检索多个中英文论文数据库，收集血流限制训练对膝关节疼痛患者的随机对照试验，采用RevMan5.4软件进行分析。结果：共纳入11篇文献，557例患者。Meta分析结果显示，血流限制训练在膝关节功能改善方面具有优越性(SMD=0.60,95%CI 0.10~1.11,P=0.02)，但在疼痛缓解方面差异无统计学意义(SMD=0.41,95%CI-0.01~0.82,P=0.06)。亚组分析结果显示，研究间的异质性降低，血流限制结合低负荷抗阻运动比常规康复训练更能改善膝关节功能(SMD=1.29,95%CI 0.62~1.96,P＜0.001)，比高负荷抗阻训练更能促进疼痛缓解(SMD=0.48,95%CI 0.04~0.91,P=0.03)。结论：针对膝关节疼痛患者，血流限制结合低负荷抗阻运动相较于单一干预或无干预，疼痛缓解和膝关节功能改善的效果更突出，在未来临床实践中可考虑广泛应用。

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