目的：探讨风油精刺激内关穴联合地塞米松对神经胶质瘤术患者术后恶心呕吐(PONV) 的预防效果。方法：选取2021年9月至2023年8月在南京医科大学第一附属医院神经外科行神经胶质瘤切除术的患者100例，随机分为地塞米松组(A组)及风油精刺激内关穴联合地塞米松组(B组)，每组50例。A组麻醉诱导前给予患者静脉注射地塞米松10 mg；B组风油精刺激内关穴10 min联合静脉注射地塞米松10 mg。观察并记录两组24 h内不同时间段(6、12、24 h)PONV和焦虑情况。结果：B组患者PONV的发生率明显低于A组，并且恶心呕吐分级低于A组；B组术后6、12、24 h PONV发生例数少于A组，恶心呕吐程度分级低于A组，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组术后24 h焦虑程度明显低于A组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：与单用地塞米松相比较，风油精刺激内关穴联合地塞米松对神经胶质瘤患者PONV的预防效果更佳。

[1] RICARD D,IDBAIH A,DUCRAY F,et al.Primary brain tumours in adults[J].Lancet,2012,379(9830):1984-1996.
[2] SANAI N,BERGER M S.Glioma extent of resection and its impact on patient outcome[J].Neurosurgery,2008,62(4):753-764.
[3] FISHER J L,SCHWARTZBAUM J A,WRENSCH M,et al.Epidemiology of brain tumors[J].Neurol Clin,2007,25(4):867-890.
[4] FABLING J M,GAN T J,EL-MOALEM H E,et al.A randomized,double-blinded comparison of ondansetron,droperidol,and placebo for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after supratentorial craniotomy[J].Anesth Analg,2000,91(2):358-361.
[5] URITS I,ORHURHU V,JONES M R,et al.Postoperative nausea and vomiting in paediatric anaesthesia[J].Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim,2020,48(2):88-95.
[6] KATHIRVEL S,DASH H H,BHATIA A,et al.Effect of prophylactic ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting after elective craniotomy[J].J Neurosurg Anesthesiol,2001,13(3):207-212.
[7] HUNT R,DIENEMANN J,NORTON H J,et al.Aromatherapy as treatment for postoperative nausea:a randomized trial[J].Anesth Analg,2013,117(3):597-604.
[8] TATE S.Peppermint oil:a treatment for postoperative nausea[J].J Adv Nurs,1997,26(3):543-549.
[9] BRIGGS P,HAWRYLACK H,MOONEY R.Inhaled peppermint oil for postop nausea in patients undergoing cardiac surgery[J].Nursing,2016,46(7):61-67.
[10] WALSTAB J,WOHLFARTH C,HOVIUS R,et al.Natural compounds boldine and menthol are antagonists of human 5-HT3 receptors:implications for treating gastrointestinal disorders[J].Neurogastroenterol Motil,2014,26(6):810-820.
[11] FERRUGGIARI L,RAGIONE B,RICH E R,et al.The effect of aromatherapy on postoperative nausea in women undergoing surgical procedures[J].J Perianesth Nurs,2012,27(4):246-251.
[12] QIN J,YE X,YE C,et al.The effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on high-risk patients with PONV undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery:a randomized controlled trial[J].J Clin Med,2023,12(3):1192.
[13] MCPARLIN C,O'DONNELL A,ROBSON S C,et al.Treatments for hyperemesis gravidarum and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy:a systematic review[J].JAMA,2016,316(13):1392-1401.
[14] LIANG Y,YAN X,LIAO Y.The effect of shortening the preoperative fasting period on patient comfort and gastrointestinal function after elective laparoscopic surgery[J].Am J Transl Res,2021,13(11):13067-13075.
[15] MOU Y,ZHAO W,PAN W,et al.A comparison of ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting for patients with or without preoperative anxiety with painless egg retrieval:a prospective,randomized,controlled trial[J].Gland Surg,2024,13(8):1522-1534.
[16] GOLD B S,KITZ D S,LECKY J H,et al.Unanticipated admission to the hospital following ambulatory surgery[J].JAMA,1989,262(21):3008-3010.
[17] MYLES P S,REEVES M D,ANDERSON H,et al.Measurement of quality of recovery in 5672 patients after anaesthesia and surgery[J].Anaesth Intensive Care,2000,28(3):276-280.
[18] COHEN M M,O'BRIEN-PALLAS L L,COPPLESTONE C,et al.Nursing workload associated with adverse events in the postanesthesia care unit[J].Anesthesiology,1999,91(6):1882-1890.
[19] 张筱童,戴琪,戚志惠,等.肺癌患者术后恶心呕吐的危险因素及预测模型研究[J].现代医学,2022,50(12):1545-1549.
[20] SINHA P K,KOSHY T,GAYATRI P,et al.Anesthesia for awake craniotomy:a retrospective study[J].Neurol India,2007,55(4):376-381.
[21] LATZ B,MORDHORST C,KERZ T,et al.Postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients after craniotomy:incidence and risk factors[J].J Neurosurg,2011,114(2):491-496.
[22] RYU J H,LEE J E,LIM Y J,et al.A prospective,randomized,double-blind,and multicenter trial of prophylactic effects of ramosetronon postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) after craniotomy:comparison with ondansetron[J].BMC Anesthesiol,2014,14:63.
[23] LONJARET L,GUYONNET M,BERARD E,et al.Postoperative complications after craniotomy for brain tumor surgery[J].Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med,2017,36(4):213-218.
[24] JANGRA K,KUMARI K,PANDA N B,et al.Postoperative nausea and vomiting in neurosurgical patients:Current concepts and management[J].Neurol India,2018,66(4):1117-1123.
[25] EBERHART L H J,MORIN A M,KRANKE P,et al.Prevention and control of postoperative nausea and vomiting in post-craniotomy patients[J].Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol,2007,21(4):575-593.
[26] ANDREWS P L.Physiology of nausea and vomiting[J].Br J Anaesth,1992,69(7 Suppl 1):2S-19S.
[27] GRIGOLEIT H G,GRIGOLEIT P.Gastrointestinal clinical pharmacology of peppermint oil[J].Phytomedicine,2005,12(8):607-611.
[28] HORN C C,WALLISCH W J,HOMANICS G E,et al.Pathophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms of postoperative nausea and vomiting[J].Eur J Pharmacol,2014,722:55-66.
[29] SHAIKH S I,NAGAREKHA D,HEGADE G,et al.Postoperative nausea and vomiting:a simple yet complex problem[J].Anesth Essays Res,2016,10(3):388-396.
[30] WEIBEL S,SCHAEFER M S,RAJ D,et al.Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia:an abridged Cochrane network meta-analysis[J].Anaesthesia,2021,76(7):962-973.