贵州省老年缺血性脑卒中患者身体复原力现状及影响因素分析-现代医学

贵州省老年缺血性脑卒中患者身体复原力现状及影响因素分析

单位：1. 贵州医科大学护理学院, 贵州贵阳 550004;
2. 贵州医科大学附属医院神经内科, 贵州贵阳 550001;
3. 贵州医科大学附属医院护理部, 贵州贵阳 550001;
4. 贵州医科大学附属医院综合科, 贵州贵阳 550001

关键词：老年人缺血性脑卒中身体复原力内在能力健康行为社会支持

分类号：R743.3;R493

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2026·54·第二期（211-218）

摘要：

目的： 探讨老年缺血性脑卒中(IS)患者身体复原力(PR)现状及影响因素。方法： 通过便利抽样法，选取2024年12月至2025年7月贵州医科大学附属医院神经内科、康复科的308例老年缺血性脑卒中患者作为研究对象，使用一般资料调查表、老年人身体复原力量表、脑卒中患者健康行为量表、社会支持评定量表以及内在能力评估工具对研究对象进行调查。单因素分析采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验或Wilcoxon秩和检验进行组间差异比较。采用Spearman相关性分析身体复原力、社会支持、健康行为和内在能力之间的相关性。以身体复原力得分为因变量，以在单因素分析和相关性分析中具有统计学意义的变量为自变量进行多元线性逐步回归分析。结果： 老年缺血性脑卒中患者身体复原力得分为51.00分。多元线性逐步回归分析表明，年龄增长、个人月收入低、NIHSS评分高、合并症数量多以及低社会支持、健康行为和内在能力得分是老年缺血性脑卒中患者身体复原力水平的危险因素(均P＜0.05)。结论： 老年缺血性脑卒中患者身体复原力总体呈中等偏下水平，临床医护人员应多关注神经功能缺损较重、健康行为较差以及社会支持和内在能力不足等特征的老年缺血性脑卒中患者，并尽早采取有效措施进行干预，以防止其机体功能进一步下降及不良健康结局的发生。

Objective: To investigate the status and influencing factors of physical resilience(PR) in elderly patients with ischemic stroke(IS). Methods: A total of 308 elderly patients with ischemic stroke were selected by convenience sampling from the Neurology and Rehabilitation departments of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from December 2024 to July 2025. All patients were investigated using a series of questionnaires(including a personal information questionnaire, Physical Resilience Instrument for Older Adults, Health Behavior Scale for Stroke Patients, Social Support Rating Scale, and Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Tools). Univariate analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test for multiple group comparisons or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for two-group comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships among physical resilience, social support, health behavior and intrinsic capacity. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was conducted with physical resilience scores as the dependent variable and variables that were statistically significant in univariate and correlation analyses as independent variables. Results: The median physical resilience score of elderly IS patients was 51.00. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that advanced age, low monthly income, higher NIHSS scores, greater number of comorbidities, lower scores in social support, health behavior and intrinsic capacity were risk factors for lower physical resilience(all P<0.05). Conclusion: Physical resilience of elderly patients with IS is generally at a moderately low level. Clinical medical staff should pay more attention to elderly patients with ischemic stroke who have severe neurological deficits, poor health behaviors, and insufficient social support and intrinsic capacity, and take effective measures as early as possible for intervention to prevent further decline in functional ability and the occurrence of adverse health outcomes.

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